A violent blow or jolt to the body or head can cause a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). It can also happen if an object penetrates brain tissue. A minor traumatic brain injury causes temporary effects to the brain, while a severe traumatic brain injury can cause physical damage, bleeding, bruising, and torn tissues. Additionally, a severe brain injury can cause death or long-term complications. Treatment options are available for traumatic brain injury in Dubai. Continue reading to learn more about how the best neuro-rehabilitation clinic works for treating TBIs.
Causes
A traumatic injury or blow often causes brain damage, which can lead to traumatic brain injuries. Adults, especially males, of any age group, infants to age four, and young adults from age 15-24 are more likely to have a TBI. The following incidents often cause it:
- Falls
- Violence
- Sports injuries
- Vehicle-related collisions
- Explosive blasts and other combat injuries
Symptoms
Different psychological and physical symptoms can occur as a result of traumatic brain injury. Some signs appear after some time; while, others appear right after the incident.
-
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
The following symptoms can appear after a mild traumatic brain injury:
| Physical Symptoms | Sensory Symptoms | Cognitive Symptoms |
| Headache | Sensory problems | Anxiety or depression |
| Vomiting or nausea | Sensitivity to sound or light | Mood swings |
| Drowsiness or fatigue | Inability to concentrate | |
| Problems with speech | Memory problems | |
| Loss of balance | ||
| Dizziness | ||
| Difficulty sleeping or excessive sleeping | ||
| Losing consciousness for a short time | ||
| State of disorientation or confusion |
-
Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injuries
The signs of mild injury can appear after moderate or severe traumatic brain injury. Moreover, the following symptoms can occur hours or days after the head injury:
| Physical Symptoms | Cognitive Symptoms |
| Loss of coordination | Slurred speech |
| Seizures or convulsions | Profound confusion |
| Repeated nausea or vomiting | Coma and other consciousness disorders |
| Inability to awaken from sleep | Combativeness, agitation, or other unusual behavior |
| Persistent or growing headache | |
| Loss of consciousness for some time | |
| Dilation of both or one pupils of the eyes | |
| Numbness or weakness in toes and fingers |
Children’s Symptoms
The children who cannot speak may not be able to tell how they feel. The following symptoms can appear in infants and young children to determine TBIs:
- Seizures
- Drowsiness
- Change in sleep habits
- Depressed or sad mood
- Easy or unusual irritability
- Inability to pay attention
- Changes in nursing or eating habits
- Decreased or no interest in activities once enjoyed
- Inability to be consoled or persistent crying
Complications
Different complications can appear right after a traumatic incident, and the risk of complications rises due to severe injuries. Some common complications are as follows:
Altered Consciousness
- Coma
- Brain death
- Vegetative state
- Minimally conscious state
Physical Complications
- Vertigo
- Seizures
- Infections
- Headaches
- Blood vessel damage
- Accumulation of fluid in the brain
- Dizziness
- Hearing loss
- Ringing in the ear
- Swallowing problems
- Loss of vision or double vision
- Altered or lost sense of taste or smell
- Losing sensation in the face or paralysis of facial muscles
Intellectual Problems
- Planning and learning
- Memory and concentration
- Judgment and reasoning
- Multitasking and organization
- Problem-solving and decision-making
- Beginning or completing tasks
Communication Problems
- Difficulty in writing or speaking
- Inability to organize ideas and thoughts
- Difficulty understanding writing or speech
- Trouble participating in and following conversations
Social Problems
- Difficulty in understanding other people
- Problem in understanding different signs
- Not being able to start or stop conversations
- Not being able to use muscles needed to form words
Behavioral Changes
- Risky behavior
- Difficulty with self-control
- Difficulty in social situations
- Verbal or physical outbursts
- Lack of awareness of abilities
Emotional Changes
- Anger
- Anxiety
- Insomnia
- Irritability
- Depression
- Mood swings
- Lack of sympathy
Sensory Problems
- Double vision/blind spots
- Problems in taste and smell
- Skin itching, tingling, or pain
- Continuous ringing in the ears
- Impaired hand-eye coordination
- Trouble with dizziness or balance
Degenerative Brain Diseases
- Alzheimer’s Disease
- Parkinson’s Disease
- Dementia Pugilistica
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) FAQs
Is Traumatic Brain Injury permanent?
Traumatic Brain Injuries can be permanent. A severe TBI can even cause coma or death in some cases.
What qualifies as a traumatic brain injury?
Any sudden damage or a blow caused to your head can be classified as a traumatic brain injury. TBIs are further classified based on their magnitude.
Can traumatic brain injury heal?
Yes, 20% of all traumatic brain injuries can heal. You will need follow-up checkups for the rest of your life to ensure the damage does not cause any future problems.
What are the long-term effects of traumatic brain injury?
Less than 20% of patients experience long-term effects of TBIs. Some common but temporary symptoms of TBIs are headaches, memory loss, depression, and anxiety.
What are the three types of TBI?
Three types of TBI are mild, moderate, and severe injuries. These are characterized by loss of consciousness, and all of them affect the head.
Does TBI get worse with age?
Yes, in some cases, TBI can become worse with age. It is always advisable to have a long-term follow-up treatment to know if TBI worsens with age.
Treatment
Only an expert can determine the best treatment for traumatic brain injury. Generally, the best treatment is neuropsychological rehabilitation; however, there is no standard protocol to provide this treatment. It is because each individual behaves and reacts differently to a brain injury and its treatment.
An expert uses a medical fitness program to reactivate cognitive functions, reduce pain, and improve energy levels. Moreover, patients are taught how to manage their symptoms with exercise and rest.
The experts at the Euromed® Clinic Center know how to treat traumatic brain injury treatment. So, if you are suffering from TBI, please get in touch to learn more about its treatment.
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Dr. Bahjat Balbous
Physician Specialist PsychiatryDr. Bahjat Balbous is a DHA-licensed psychiatrist having more than 25 years of experience. He uses the latest Neurofeedback therapy in treating ADHD, anxiety, depression, substance abuse, and other related disorders.
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